The number of peers has varied considerably with time. For remainders in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, the most common wording is "to have and to hold unto him and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten and to be begotten". Later Kings created Marquesses and Viscounts to make finer gradations of honour: a rank something more than an Earl and something less than an Earl, respectively. For instance, the Crown may not make a "shifting limitation" in the letters patent; in other words, the patent may not vest the peerage in an individual and then, before that person's death, shift the title to another person. The Act of Union 1707, between England and Scotland, provided that future peerages should be peers of Great Britain, and the rules covering the peers should follow the English model; because there were proportionately many more Scottish peers, they chose a number of representatives to sit in the British House of Lords. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_topslot_mobile_flex' }}, iasLog("criterion : cdo_t = society"); } "sign-up": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/de/auth/signup?rid=READER_ID", We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe.If by any chance you spot an inappropriate image within your search results please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("sfr", "cdo_dict_english"); },{ var pbHdSlots = [ googletag.pubads().setCategoryExclusion('wprod'); description : 'Search PEU index', dictCodesArr["american_english"] = { { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, if(success && (tcData.eventStatus === 'useractioncomplete' || tcData.eventStatus === 'tcloaded')) { By modern English law, if a writ of summons was issued to a person who was not a peer, that person took his seat in Parliament, and the parliament was a parliament in the modern sense (including representatives of the Commons), that single writ created a barony, a perpetual peerage inheritable by male-preference primogeniture. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971081', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '220623', size: [728, 90] }}, Titles may be created by writ of summons or by letters patent. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_ptl", "entry-mcp"); Peerage dignities are created by the Sovereign by either writs of summons or letters patent. 'min': 3.05, googletag.pubads().setCategoryExclusion('mcp').setCategoryExclusion('resp').setCategoryExclusion('wprod'); /*practical-english-usage { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_leftslot_160x600' }}, In the 13th century, the husband of the eldest daughter inherited the earldom automatically; in the 15th century, the earldom reverted to the Crown, who might re-grant it (often to the eldest son-in-law); in the 17th century, it would not be inherited by anybody unless all but one of the daughters died and left no descendants, in which case the remaining daughter (or her heir) would inherit. name: "idl_env", { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'old_btmslot' }},