specializing in battles and campaigns of the American Civil War. A great deal of their time was consumed in leafing through voluminous sets of rules, consulting tables and giving rulings on fine legal points. In many cases rulings can be made ad hoc, as and when they are required. a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate. Schlachtfelder bei Metz 1870. 105 sections – A2 sheets. The umpire must decide roughly how much time would have elapsed in real life before the players would have had to make each important decision. It is a remarkably straightforward game; but it can produce some of the best results of all. At any event, if all else fails you can always make your own sketch maps of the area to be fought over, with traced copies for all the players. The umpire compares the orders from each side and decides what sightings and contacts have been made, and at what times. The fortress may be firing at a particular trench with four cannons for twenty-four hours. This also economizes on maps, as the umpire will not need one. Link to Hals site.. A scalable map of the ACW battlefield. 1866. He will then assess the terrain, and find whether enfilade fire is possible. Read more. British Library Maps. Political aspects may also be incorporated into this game, with Jacobite sympathizers and other adventurers fighting their own guerrilla wars in the back hills. Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window). A game for practicing the art of war upon a topographical map. If one is operating with a number of army corps the large scale details of the terrain will not be important, in any case. Traditionally, Kriegsspiel pieces were made of wooden blocks. It is important that the umpire is as specific as possible with these figures, as this forces him to consider all the factors involved in the combat and to think through the full implications of his decision. Each turn, in other words, should include one moment of decision for each of the players. This allows a convenient cycle of actions to be completed, and is realistic in the sense that Napoleonic commanders did tend to write their orders at the same time each night. Web.. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, . One hardy perennial (which uses the British 1:50,000 Ordnance Survey series) is a hypothetical landing by a French corps in some part of the British Isles. Contributor Names Livermore, W. R. (William Roscoe), 1843-1919. Players write orders and pass them to the umpire. He will not simply say something like ‘The French infantry hassuccessfully stormed the hill’, but will quote possibilities, such as: ‘The French have a 50% chance of storming the hill successfully; a 30% chance of capturing half of it, while disputing the rest; and a 20% chance of being totally repulsed. 1866. For guidance about compiling full citations consult Boston, New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1882. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://lccn.loc.gov/18012445. Finally, after odds have been quoted the umpire rolls a nugget, to represent chance. Citing Primary Sources. The base of sand problem : a white paper on the state of military combat modeling ... U. S. Atlantic fleet during battle practice, [Soldiers crawling across stadium field during war games on Nazi Party Day, Nuremberg], [Soldiers running and lying on ground during war games on Nazi Party Day, Nuremberg, Germany], [War games on Nazi Party Day, Nuremberg, Germany, with three soldiers carrying large gun in foreground].